Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership
Ethics of Civil-Military Relations
Concepts and Theories
- Charles Dunlap, “The Origins of the Military Coup of 2012,” Parameters, Winter 1992-1993
- Samuel Huntington, The Solder and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations (1957), preface through chapter 2-4
- Peter Feaver, Armed Servants: Agency, Oversight, and Civil-Military Relations (2003), preface through chapter 4-8
- _______, “Civil-Military Relations,” Annual Review of Political Science, Vol. 2, 1999 (optional)
- Eliot Cohen, Supreme Command: Soldiers, Statesmen, and Leadership in Wartime (2002), preface through chapter 4
- Morris Janowitz, The Professional Soldier: A Social and Political Portrait (1977), selections
CMR in the history of Western political thought
Ancient
- Plutarch, “Life of Coriolanus” [Roman general] (http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Coriolanus*.html)
- Film: Shakespeare’s Coriolanus, directed by Ralph Fiennes (2011)
- Plato, Republic, books 2-4 and 8—with particular attention to 2.369a-383b, 3 (entire), 4.419a-425a, 427c-429c, 8.543a-550b [education of guardians]
- Aristotle, Politics, book 2 chap. 9, book 3 chaps. 1-8, book 4 chap. 13 (1297b1-35), books 7-8 [the regime and citizen-soldier]
Modern
- Machiavelli, Art of War (1520), preface, books 1 and 7.152-249
- Machiavelli, Prince (1532), chaps. 12-14, 17-20
- Rousseau, Considerations on the Government of Poland (1772), chapters 1-4 and 12
- Tocqueville, Democracy in America, volume 2, part III, chapters 22-26
United States
- Washington, “Newburgh Address” (1783)
- S. Constitution (1787), Article I, Section 8 and Article II
- Madison, Hamilton and Jay, Federalist Papers (1787-88), Nos. 3-4, 7-8, 24, 26, 34, 41
- Samuel Huntington, The Soldier and the State, chapters 6-7
- Richard Kohn, “The Constitution and National Security: The Intent of the Framers,” in The United States Military Under the Constitution of the United States, 1789-1989, ed. Richard Kohn (1991)
- Deborah Pearlstein, “The Soldier, the State, and the Separation of Powers,” Texas Law Review (2012)
- David Luban, “On the Commander-In-Chief Power,” Southern California Law Review (2008)
- Dale Herspring, The Pentagon and the President: Civil-Military Relations from FDR to George W. Bush (2005), selections
- Russel Weigley, “The American Military and the Principle of Civilian Control from McClellan to Powell,” Journal of Military History (1993)
Contemporary Issues in US
The civilian-military (cultural) “gap”
- Thomas Ricks, “The Widening Gap between the Military and Society” Atlantic Monthly, July 1997
- Peter Feaver and Richard H. Kohn, “The Gap,” National Interest, Fall 2000
- Eliot Cohen, “Why the Gap Matters,” National Interest, Fall 2000
- Russell Weigley, “The American Civil-Military Cultural Gap: A Historical Perspective, Colonial Times to Present,” in Peter Feaver and Richard Kohn, Soldiers and Civilians: The Civil-Military Gap and American National Security (2001)
- RAND, The Civil-Military Gap in the United States (2007)
- Rosa Brooks, “Thought Cloud: The Real Problem with the Civil-Military Gap,” Foreign Policy (August 2012)
- Michael Desch, Civilian Control of the Military: The Changing Security Environment (2001)
- Darrell Driver, “The Military Mind: A Reassessment of the Ideological Roots of American Military Professionalism,” in Suzanne Nielson and Don Snider, American Civil-Military Relations: The Soldier and State in a New Era (2009)
- Chuck Rangel, “Bring Back the Draft,” New York Times, 31 Dec 2002
- Michael Brown, et al, “A Call to National Service,” American Interest (Jan/Feb 2008)
- Jason Dempsey, Our Army: Soldiers, Politics, and American Civil-Military Relations (2010), selections [no gap]
Erosion of military professionalism?
- David Segal and Karin De Angelis, “Changing Conceptions of the Military as a Profession,” in Nielson and Snider, American Civil-Military Relations
- John Nagel and Travis Sharp, “Operational for What? The Future of the Guard and Reserves,” Joint Forces Quarterly (2010)
- W. Singer, Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry (2003)
Political participation and dissent
- Risa Brooks, “Militaries and Political Activity in Democracies,” in Nielson and Snider, American Civil-Military Relations
- James Burk, “Responsible Obedience by Military Professionals,” in Nielson and Snider, American Civil-Military Relations
- Don Snider, Dissent and Strategic Leadership of the Military Professions (2008)
- R. McMaster, Dereliction of Duty: Johnson, McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies That Led to Vietnam (2007), pp. 243-334
- Paul Yingling, “A Failure of Generalship,” Armed Forces Journal (2007)
- Michael Hastings, “The Runaway General,” Rolling Stone (2010)
Sensitivity to initiating wars & overuse of military
- Andrew Bacevich, “Whose Army?”, Daedalius, (Summer 2011) http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/DAED_a_00103#.VkipVl7lvrc
- Andrew Bacevich, The New American Militarism: How Americans Are Seduced by War (2013)
- Andrew Bacevich, Washington Rules: America's Path to Permanent War (2011)
- Andrew Bacevich, The Limits of Power: The End of American Exceptionalism (2009)
- Peter Feaver and Christopher Gelpi, Choosing Your Battles: American Civil-Military Relations and the Use of Force (2004)
- Richard Kohn, “The Dangers of Militarization in an Endless ‘War’ on Terrorism,” The Journal of Military History (January 2009)
- James Fallows, “The Tragedy of the American Military,” Atlantic (January/February 2015)
- Aaron O’Connell, “The Permanent Militarization of America,” New York Times, 4 November 2012 (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/opinion/the-permanent-militarization-of-america.html?pagewanted=all)
Military courts and secrecy
- Anit Mukherjee, George Perkovich and Gaurav Kampani, “Secrecy, Civil Military Relations, and India’s Nuclear Program, International Security (Winter 2014/15)
Militarization of police
- Rise of the Warrior Cop: The Militarization of America's Police Forces
- Soldiers on the Home Front: The Domestic Role of the American Military
- Aaron O’Connell (USNA), militarization in US, NYT
Obligations to military
- Andrew Bacevich, Breach of Trust: How American Failed Their Soldiers and Their Country (2014)
- CNAS, “Passing the Baton: A Bipartisan 2016 Agenda for the Veteran and Military Community,” http://www.cnas.org/passing-the-baton#.VkJ-om-FPmI
Comparative Civil-Military Relations
Transitioning states: Latin America post-1960
- Zoltan Barany, The Soldier and the Changing State (2012), selections
- Thomas Bruneau and Florina Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations (2013), selections
- Marybeth Ulrich, “Developing Civil-Military Competencies Among Senior National Security Practitioners in Democratizing Latin America,” USAF Institute of National Security Studies Research Report (2008)
Transitioning states: Eastern Europe post-1990
- Barany, The Soldier and the Changing State (2012), selections
- Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections
Transitioning states: contemporary Asia
- Zoltan, The Soldier and the Changing State, selections
- Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections
- Scobell, “Introduction” in Phillip Saunders and Andrew Scobell, eds., PLA Influence on China’s National Security Policymaking, Stanford University Press, 2015.
- Scobell, “Is there a Civil-Military Gap in China’s Peaceful Rise?” Parameters XXXIX, no. 2 (Summer 2009), pp. 4-22.
- Scobell, “China’s Evolving Civil-Military Relations: Creeping Guojiahua,” Armed Forces and Society 31, no. 2 (Winter 2005), pp. 227-244.
Transitioning states: contemporary Middle East & Africa
- Barany, The Soldier and the Changing State, selections
- Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections
Wrong direction: Russia & North Korea
- Zoltan Barany, Democratic Breakdown and the Decline of the Russian Military (2007)
- Bruneau and Matei, eds, The Routledge Handbook of Civil-Military Relations, selections